The increase in female-headed households in Kenya has contributed to increased poverty levels leading to deliberate efforts by the national government as well as other stakeholders to develop strategies to help alleviate poverty. However, in spite of substantial efforts to eradicate poverty, studies have shown an increase in prevalence, especially in female headed households both globally and locally. This paper aims at establishing the causes of poverty among female headed households in Nyatike constituency, Migori County in Western Kenya.